With the simultaneous release of three new albums, available November 13th, the relentlessly visionary saxophonist Ivo Perelman extends a remarkable period of artistic growth and "intense creative frenzy" that has consumed him since 2010. This whirlwind of activity has resulted in the release of 10 albums in less than three years, with another three already recorded and due in 2013-each impressively different from the rest, and each a prime example of spontaneous composition at its peak.
As with all of his documented music from the current decade, the new albums: Living Jelly, The Gift, and The Clairvoyant--involve collaborators who boast a long history and deep experience with the saxophonist's utterly open-ended approach to improvised music. Perelman writes nothing down before entering the studio; once there, he avoids setting preconditions or even sharing an introductory theme for the performances that ensue. The music literally springs out of thin air, then pours down with the power and beauty of a rainforest thunderstorm.
The difference is dramatic, as Morris himself explains, "The format without bass is one of my favorites. This platform leaves a space that never really gets filled; the placement of musical ideas around it defines its existence, like a vapor might outline a phantom. This setting, with these musicians, gives me the chance to play many roles at once. The grooves add an opportunity for me to use the sort of articulation that I worked to develop on guitar for decades."
For his part, Perelman has an equally high regard for Morris's work on guitar, having played the instrument himself before moving to the saxophone. "Joe has an uncanny ability to be an accompanist while making statements so logical and self-sufficient, I wouldn't even have to be there," he says. "This happens with other instruments, but not often with the guitar: the way it is constructed, if you look at the neck, it is very visual, very geometric; it lends itself to repetition and playing patterns. But Joe is very different. He's not playing the guitar; he's playing music on the guitar. If he played a trombone, it would be the same."
Over the last year or so, Perelman has investigated the inner dynamics of his quartet by exploding it into new configurations, forming trios that omit one of the rhythm-section player, for instance: sax-piano-drums or sax-bass-piano. On The Clairvoyant and The Gift, Perelman applies this technique to Shipp's own trio, which comprises bassist Michael Bisio and drummer Whit Dickey. "We recorded these albums close to each other in time," Perelman says, "and the difference is interesting. The trio with drums is a more visceral, rhythm-oriented ensemble; when you remove the drums and replace with the bass, it's more of a trio de camera (chamber trio)."
Of the bassless trio heard on The Clairvoyant, Shipp writes in his liner notes: "This is my personal favorite equation to deal with Mr. Perelman in. Performing without a bass forces us to dig deep for coherence, thus developing ensemble shape-I love playing in quartet settings with Ivo, but playing without bass absolutely does not allow the music to ever fall into any prescribed roles of sax with a rhythm section."
"Clairvoyance" may indeed explain what takes place between Perelman and Shipp, after a professional relationship spanning nearly two decades. "Ivo can latch onto a fragment of something I do, melodically or rhythmically, and a couple of decisions seem to be intuitively made by us very early and very quickly when improvising," Shipp writes. "Whit, Ivo, and myself have an implicit trust to give ourselves over to the collective unconscious, the three of us knowing that the music will naturally shape itself."
Describing his long history with Perelman, Shipp adds: "The music we make together is like taking a journey through an enchanted forest - there will be some pretty wild vegetation, and along the way, some never-before-seen trees saturating the air with fresh fragrance, not to mention some hybrid species that are new to the listeners. But they'll become one with the music and chart their own course through this wild organic forest."
The Gift, as Perelman says, has a quieter but no less compelling focus, as the saxist and pianist circle the rhythms implied by the bass (which, with the absence of drums, loom large despite remaining understated). The title reflects a counter-intuitive realization that speaks to the artist's need for solitude before sharing his creativity with society. "The most precious thing to give is one's loneliness," Perelman explains. "I've lived two-thirds of my life in a self-imposed exile in a foreign country, the U.S., and I've learned how to deal with cultural isolation, and to make something meaningful and creative out of that.
"I feel my music mirrors that experience. My recordings are my loneliness; I spend countless hours alone, practicing and studying music. The music is my gift. But it comes from my loneliness."
Lately, Perelman's study has included a deeply focused immersion in music from the 16th and 17th centuries, and specifically, music written for the natural trumpet-the instrument used before the invention of valves. The natural trumpet required players to create all the notes just from varying the air pressure applied to the horn; the valves on a modern instrument reduce this effort considerably. "Someone once said that trumpet players should never start with valves," Perelman points out. "When they start with a valved instrument, they think that the notes come from the valves. When you learn on natural horns, playing with 'buttons' is a walk in the park."
Perelman has begun to apply the techniques of natural-trumpet playing to the saxophone, in order to gain even more command of the squeaky-high altissimo range-this despite his already unsurpassed mastery of the highest register. He has gone so far as to commission the construction of saxophones without any keys at all, training himself to play full scales using air pressure alone-something unheard of in the history of reed-instrument praxis.
Perelman began this line of research in the course of preparing the current crop of new albums; while the preliminary results peek through here, he doesn't expect the impact to be fully evident for another year or two. "I always like challenges, and now I have the greatest one in my life," he exults. "It's a fundamental change in attitude."
Born in 1961 in São Paulo, Brazil, Perelman excelled at classical guitar before finally gravitating to the tenor saxophone. In 1981 he entered Berklee College of Music in Boston, where he focused on the mainstream masters of the tenor sax to the exclusion of such pioneering avant-gardists as Albert Ayler, Peter Brötzmann, and John Coltrane-all of whom would later be cited as precedents for Perelman's own work. He left Berklee in 1983 and moved to Los Angeles, where he soon discovered his penchant for post-structure improvisation. "I would go berserk, just playing my own thing," he explains now. Emboldened by this approach, he began to research the free-jazz saxists who had come before him, and in the early 90s he moved to the more inviting artistic milieu of New York, where he lives to this day.
Critics have lauded Perelman's no-holds-barred saxophone style, calling him "one of the great colorists of the tenor sax" (Ed Hazell in the Boston Globe); "tremendously lyrical" (Gary Giddins); and "a leather-lunged monster with an expressive rasp, who can rage and spit in violence, yet still leave you feeling heartbroken" (The Wire). The three new albums, added to his total of recordings on the Leo label, equate to twenty-one.
As with all of Perelman's albums since 2010, each of the new projects takes its name from the work of the 20th-century Brazilian novelist and essayist Clarice Lispector, a vital influence on Perelman's thinking and on his art. In the present case, each album title comes from her Selected Chronicles, a collection of newspaper columns.
"I like the very suggestive names of her writings," says Perelman. "But everything has an end. Lately I have been feeling a little removed from her work; I haven't read anything by her in a while, and I was feeling in a different mood. I wouldn't take this to the grave-I like to keep some freedom-but we're done with Clarice now."
The operative word, of course, is "now"; in Perelman's world of seemingly infinite creative fluidity, anything is possible tomorrow.
Living Jelly Personnel
Ivo Perelman / tenor saxophone
Joe Morris / guitar
Gerald Cleaver / drums
The Clairvoyant Personnel
Ivo Perelman / tenor saxophone
Matt Shipp / piano
Michael Bisio / bass
Whit Dickey / drums
The Gift Personnel
Ivo Perelman / tenor saxophone
Matt Shipp / piano
Michael Bisio / bass
Whit Dickey / drums
Ivo Perelman · Living Jelly, The Clairvoyant, and The Gift
Leo Records · Release Date: November 13
ivoperelman.com